Comparison of a Broadsheet and Tabloid Newspaper - 964 Words

Comparison of a Broadsheet and Tabloid Newspaper On 20th of February 2004, the Times and the Sun introduced the news of the release of five Britons held in Guantanamo Bay as the lead news front page stories. The articles in these two newspapers greatly contrast in various points, including views on the issue, page layout, style of writing and vocabulary used. The Times is a broadsheet newspaper, generally accepted as mid-conservative, while the Sun has the largest circulation among newspapers distributed in UK and its editorial state tend to swing in symphony of public opinion. Both newspapers are published by the companies of the News International group. Page design In the Sun†¦show more content†¦Its text is in bold letters and the background of the column is tinted to draw attention. The column has a zoomed-up photograph of one of the five men lying on the ground with a bullet hole in his shoulder. Underneath the photograph, bold letters state ‘Fanatic to end’. At the side of the photograph, a cross head in the main text stand out, saying ‘shot’. Above the photograph, the word, ‘traitors’ in the main title is designed to be associated with this photograph. The page design of the Times is very different. It is quiet, tidy and boring but designed to make easy for readers to read long texts. Sarif face dominates the whole paper: headlines and main copies both use Sarif face. A one-line headline is laid across the top of the front page, followed by a subheading. The text of 26 paragraphs gives a detail of the subject. Apart from its five Ws, the article explains why the five men have been in X-Ray Camp, how they have been treated there and what is going to happen after their release. A familiar picture of Camp X-Ray, which has led to an international outcry against ill-treatment of captives by the US government, occupies a quarter of the front page. Unlike, the pictures in the Sun newspaper, the picture of Camp X-Ray is descriptive: manacled and blindfolded captives in orange boiler suits are kneeling in a large cage. There is no manipulation withShow MoreRelatedComparing the Length of Words in a Broadsheet Newspaper and Tabloid Newspap er805 Words   |  4 Pagesthe Length of Words in a Broadsheet Newspaper and Tabloid Newspaper I am now going to start my mathematics statistics coursework. The aim of this coursework is to compare the length of words in a broadsheet newspaper to the length of words in a tabloid newspaper. My first hypothesis is that in this investigation the broadsheet newspaper should contain longer words than the tabloid newspaper. I think this because in my opinion broadsheet newspapers are aimed at higherRead MoreA Comparison of Two Newspapers758 Words   |  4 PagesA Comparison of Two Newspapers The Sun and the Guardian are very different newspapers, even at a first glance you can see that they are created for different purposes. The guardian newspaper is twice the size of a tabloid newspaper e.g. The Sun. and therefore has twice as much information, than a tabloid. A Tabloid newspaper focuses on the images, and has less information Read MoreA Comparison of Two Newspapers556 Words   |  3 PagesA Comparison of Two Newspapers There are many tabloid and broadsheet newspapers but now however there are online versions of these popular papers. Two examples, one tabloid and one broadsheet, are The Mirror and The Guardian. When newspapers first came out there were no online versions as the Internet was not invented yet, and therefore was a very basic but effective form of communication. Times move on and therefore the online versions were invented, as were the spokenRead MoreComparison of News Reports Essay656 Words   |  3 PagesComparison of News Reports On Thursday 22nd April 2004, Ron Atkinson, manager and footballing legend, was overheard making a racist remark concerning player Marcel Desailly- the black Chelsea defender during the Chelsea-Monaco Champion’s League semi-final. The story received colossal press coverage from all of the newspapers, mainly because Atkinson is famous for coaching so many black players. I have studies two newspapers’ accounts of the same story. One paper Read MoreComparison of Newspaper Articles624 Words   |  3 PagesComparison of Newspaper Articles I have chosen two articles about the same story from two contrasting newspapers, one a tabloid and one a broadsheet. The tabloid I have chosen is The Mirror and the broadsheet is The Times. Both articles are taken from the papers of Tuesday 22nd October 2001. They cover the story about the outbreak of Anthrax in Washington DC where two postal workers died. I think the Mirror is aimed at people who do not want to read the news inRead MoreA Comparison of Newspapers510 Words   |  3 PagesA Comparison of Newspapers There are two main types of newspapers, tabloids and broadsheets. The tabloid focuses on people and often reports on celebrities. Some types of tabloids include The People, Daily Star, The Mirror, The Sun, News of The World and Daily Sport. Tabloid papers are usually readRead MoreA Comparison of Two Different Newspapers1161 Words   |  5 PagesA Comparison of Two Different Newspapers In the following essay, I intend to compare the differences and similarities in which two different newspapers - a tabloid (The Mirror) and a broadsheet (The Times) report the same story. I will be looking at the presentation and the use of language as well as the basics of how the story is put forward and told. Both papers are reporting the same story in which Prince Philip made a statement along the lines that guns are noRead MoreTabloid Newspapers And Tabloid Journalism1315 Words   |  6 PagesTabloid newspapers and tabloid journalism have been rocking the print world since the late 1880s. The term â€Å"tabloid† was coined by a pharmaceutical company from London called Burroughs Wellcome Co. This company marketed compressed tablets called â€Å"tabloid pills.† The word â€Å"tabloid† soon started to refer to small and compact articles. In London in the early 1900s, the Westminster Gazette announced that it was going to have a tabloid for news printed by other journals; this is where tabloid journalismRead MoreMass Media Comparison Essay1289 Words   |  6 PagesMass Media Comparison Mass media are methods of communicating to a vast amount of people around the world. Mass Media means things such as Television, Radio, Newspapers, Internet, Magazines etc; they are a means of communication to people. The mass media have a few main functions, which include informing, educating and entertaining you. In this assignment I am going to compare two articles from two different type of papers, a tabloid and a broadsheet. I am going toRead MoreEssay about Depiction of September 11th 2001 in the Media2075 Words   |  9 Pagesthousands of people and injure even more. Immediately, newspaper, television and radio journalists were reporting, all with different views, opinions and facts. The ways in which the tragedy of September 11th was reported and presented, in newspapers, magazines and television broadcasts was striking and they varied greatly, in particular by The Sun a tabloid newspaper, The Financial Times a broadsheet newspaper and a letter published in a commemorative magazine marking

Philippine Cinema a Review on ‘No Other Woman’ Free Essays

Philippine Cinema: A Review on ‘No Other Woman’ written by Jessica Zafra By all accounts the Viva-Star Cinema production  No Other Woman  is a smash hit, and in show business there is no arguing with pots of money. We may assume from the box-office grosses that this is the sort of movie the Filipino audience wants to see. What exactly is this movie saying? 1. We will write a custom essay sample on Philippine Cinema: a Review on ‘No Other Woman’ or any similar topic only for you Order Now Character is unnecessary; all you need are stereotypes. In the traditional defence of marriage melodrama these are: 1. 1. The Handsome Husband 1. 1. 1. The Handsome Husband is so hot that he is literally bursting out of his clothes, which are at least one size too small for him so as to emphasize his well-developed pectoral muscles. 1. 1. 2. The Handsome Husband flirts outrageously with the customers who come to his store, but that’s all right because it sells furniture. 1. 1. 3. The Handsome Husband is devoted to his wife until a scheming slut throws herself at him. He cannot be blamed for succumbing because men are men and their brains are in their pants. 1. 1. 4. The Handsome Husband is only slightly less animated than the furniture he designs and sells. 1. 2. The Beautiful Wife 1. 2. 1. The Beautiful Wife could be the sexiest woman in the archipelago, but now that she’s married she must suppress her sexuality in shapeless clothes and pale make-up. 1. 2. 2. The Beautiful Wife cooks nutritious meals for her husband and personally supervises his laundry. 1. 2. 3. The Beautiful Wife consoles her husband by having sex with him every time her domineering father makes disparaging remarks about his professional prospects. . 2. 4. The Beautiful Wife, being inexperienced in the ways of the world, confuses seduction with arson. 1. 2. 5. The Beautiful Wife is a good girl, hence she does not wear mascara and she has long, straight black hair that she wears in a ponytail. 1. 3. The Sexy Mistress 1. 3. 1. The Sexy Mistress has lived in New York, ergo she is â€Å"liberated†, which in the Philippines is a synonym for â€Å"promiscuous†. 1. 3. 2. The Sexy Mistress speaks a strange, over-enunciated English and begins each sentence with an arch laugh (Ah-ha-ha! . And she smokes. 1. 3. 3. The Sexy Mistress is a bad girl, hence she wears copious amounts of mascara and has long, dramatically wavy hair. 1. 3. 4. The Sexy Mistress does not cook. 1. 3. 5. The Sexy Mistress likes to taste forbidden pleasures, so she eats seafood she is allergic to, which is just daft. 2. All fathers are mean and horrible, hence responsible for your issues. 2. 1. The Handsome Husband’s father is a philanderer, embezzler and failed businessman, so The Handsome Husband will also be all of the above. 2. 2. The Beautiful Wife’s father is a tacky philanderer, so The Beautiful Wife will marry same. 2. 3. The Sexy Mistress’s father is domineering and arrogant, so The Sexy Mistress refuses to commit to a relationship until she meets someone who really can’t commit because he’s already married. 3. Women should humiliate themselves for their men. 3. 1. They should engage in public bitch fights in which handbags become metaphors for the man they are fighting over. 3. 2. They should invite each other to dinner and threaten to kill the bitch who is boinking their husband. . 3. If thinly veiled verbal aggression does not suffice, they should have a brawl in a public place. 3. 4. It does not occur to them that the person connected to the penis is also responsible for their troubles. 4. Nothing solves a domestic problem like a near-fatal accident. 4. 1. The cheating husband endures excruciating physical torment as a substitute for castration. 4. 2. The suffering wife has to forgive her husband because the thought of living without him is more than she could bear, and she’s forgotten that she left him. 4. 3. The scheming mistress is jolted back to her senses. 5. The moral of the story is, Thou shalt not commit adultery. 5. 1. The cheating husband crawls back to his wife, who doesn’t seem particularly enamored of him but is compelled to defend their marriage. 5. 2. The wife always wins because there is no alternative. It’s not as if she could ditch her unfaithful spouse—there is no divorce in the Philippines (Well, technically). 5. 3. The mistress goes back to New York, where all the bad girls are supposed to go, which makes you wonder who won exactly How to cite Philippine Cinema: a Review on ‘No Other Woman’, Papers

Philippine Cinema a Review on ‘No Other Woman’ Free Essays

Philippine Cinema: A Review on ‘No Other Woman’ written by Jessica Zafra By all accounts the Viva-Star Cinema production  No Other Woman  is a smash hit, and in show business there is no arguing with pots of money. We may assume from the box-office grosses that this is the sort of movie the Filipino audience wants to see. What exactly is this movie saying? 1. We will write a custom essay sample on Philippine Cinema: a Review on ‘No Other Woman’ or any similar topic only for you Order Now Character is unnecessary; all you need are stereotypes. In the traditional defence of marriage melodrama these are: 1. 1. The Handsome Husband 1. 1. 1. The Handsome Husband is so hot that he is literally bursting out of his clothes, which are at least one size too small for him so as to emphasize his well-developed pectoral muscles. 1. 1. 2. The Handsome Husband flirts outrageously with the customers who come to his store, but that’s all right because it sells furniture. 1. 1. 3. The Handsome Husband is devoted to his wife until a scheming slut throws herself at him. He cannot be blamed for succumbing because men are men and their brains are in their pants. 1. 1. 4. The Handsome Husband is only slightly less animated than the furniture he designs and sells. 1. 2. The Beautiful Wife 1. 2. 1. The Beautiful Wife could be the sexiest woman in the archipelago, but now that she’s married she must suppress her sexuality in shapeless clothes and pale make-up. 1. 2. 2. The Beautiful Wife cooks nutritious meals for her husband and personally supervises his laundry. 1. 2. 3. The Beautiful Wife consoles her husband by having sex with him every time her domineering father makes disparaging remarks about his professional prospects. . 2. 4. The Beautiful Wife, being inexperienced in the ways of the world, confuses seduction with arson. 1. 2. 5. The Beautiful Wife is a good girl, hence she does not wear mascara and she has long, straight black hair that she wears in a ponytail. 1. 3. The Sexy Mistress 1. 3. 1. The Sexy Mistress has lived in New York, ergo she is â€Å"liberated†, which in the Philippines is a synonym for â€Å"promiscuous†. 1. 3. 2. The Sexy Mistress speaks a strange, over-enunciated English and begins each sentence with an arch laugh (Ah-ha-ha! . And she smokes. 1. 3. 3. The Sexy Mistress is a bad girl, hence she wears copious amounts of mascara and has long, dramatically wavy hair. 1. 3. 4. The Sexy Mistress does not cook. 1. 3. 5. The Sexy Mistress likes to taste forbidden pleasures, so she eats seafood she is allergic to, which is just daft. 2. All fathers are mean and horrible, hence responsible for your issues. 2. 1. The Handsome Husband’s father is a philanderer, embezzler and failed businessman, so The Handsome Husband will also be all of the above. 2. 2. The Beautiful Wife’s father is a tacky philanderer, so The Beautiful Wife will marry same. 2. 3. The Sexy Mistress’s father is domineering and arrogant, so The Sexy Mistress refuses to commit to a relationship until she meets someone who really can’t commit because he’s already married. 3. Women should humiliate themselves for their men. 3. 1. They should engage in public bitch fights in which handbags become metaphors for the man they are fighting over. 3. 2. They should invite each other to dinner and threaten to kill the bitch who is boinking their husband. . 3. If thinly veiled verbal aggression does not suffice, they should have a brawl in a public place. 3. 4. It does not occur to them that the person connected to the penis is also responsible for their troubles. 4. Nothing solves a domestic problem like a near-fatal accident. 4. 1. The cheating husband endures excruciating physical torment as a substitute for castration. 4. 2. The suffering wife has to forgive her husband because the thought of living without him is more than she could bear, and she’s forgotten that she left him. 4. 3. The scheming mistress is jolted back to her senses. 5. The moral of the story is, Thou shalt not commit adultery. 5. 1. The cheating husband crawls back to his wife, who doesn’t seem particularly enamored of him but is compelled to defend their marriage. 5. 2. The wife always wins because there is no alternative. It’s not as if she could ditch her unfaithful spouse—there is no divorce in the Philippines (Well, technically). 5. 3. The mistress goes back to New York, where all the bad girls are supposed to go, which makes you wonder who won exactly How to cite Philippine Cinema: a Review on ‘No Other Woman’, Papers

Corruption of John Marshall free essay sample

Marshall had served at Valley Forge and had been impressed with the drawbacks of no central authority, thus he came a lifelong Federalist, committed to strengthening the power of the federal government. His theory of putting the central government over the states is a corrupt and damaging idea that will lead to future events, such as Mammary v. Madison, McCullough v. Maryland, Cohen v. Virginia, and Gibbons v. Ogden. The power of the federal government should be left in the hands Of the states. Mammary v.Madison (1803) case was the beginning of the corrupt theories of John Marshall. William Mammary had been a midnight judge appointed by John Adams in the last hours of being president. Mammary had en named Justice for Peace for the District of Columbia, but when Secretary of State James Madison shelved the position, he sued for its delivery. Chief Justice Marshall knew that his Jeffersonian rivals, deep-rooted in the executive branch, would not attempt to enforce a writ to deliver the commission to Federalist Mammary. We will write a custom essay sample on Corruption of John Marshall or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He therefore dismissed Mortuarys suit. Despite the dismissal of the case, Marshall snatched a victory from this judicial defeat. In explaining his ruling, Marshall said that part of the Judiciary Act of 1 789 on which Marshall tried to base his appeal was unconstitutional. This attempted to assign the Supreme Court power that the Constitution had not anticipated. This act by Marshall attempted the shift of power to the Supreme Courts for his benefit. This greatly magnified the authority of the court.The remaining three court cases epitomize the overpowering central government that John Marshall has established over the states. This is a controlling theory that Marshall has put over the states. McCullough v. Maryland (1819) involved an attempt by the state of Maryland to close the Bank of the United States by imposing a tax on its notes. John Marshall declared the bank constitutional by invoking the Hamilton Doctrine of implied powers. At the same time, he strengthened federal authority and slapped at state infringements when he denied the right of Maryland to tax the bank.Two years later the case of Cohen v. Virginia gave Marshall one of the greatest opportunities to defend the federal power. Cohen, found guilty by Virginia courts illegally selling lottery tickets, appealed to the highest court of law. Virginia won, in the sense that the conviction of the Cohen was supported. But in fact, Virginia and all individual states lost because John Marshall clearly asserted the right of the Supreme Court to review decisions of the State courts in all questions involving the federal government.The states liberty proponents were stunned. Gibbons v. Ogden (1824) was a law suit that grew out of an attempt by New York State to grant to a private concern of a monopoly of waterborne commerce between New York and New Jersey. Marshall reminded the state that the Constitution deliberated on Congress alone the control of commerce within the state. John Marshall clearly deprives the states of independence; his was explained through these three federal cases.The theory that the federal governments power should reside with the states is a valid statement. The cases of Mammary v. Madison, McCullough v. Maryland, Cohen v. Virginia, and Gibbons v. Ogden demonstrated the corruption of Chief Justice John Marshall. Marshals objective was to give all power to the central government and deprive the states of it, causing an overpowering Supreme Court. The quote, As man whose political doctrines led always To strengthen government at the expense of the people, is a perfect example of the Chief Justices actions.

Terrorism in Israel and Palestine

Introduction The conflict between Israel and Palestine is the most important security issue the Middle East is facing. This conflict is related to the concept of Palestinian national identity. The Palestinians do not have a state of their own and they currently occupy the geographical area that constitutes Israel, the West Bank, and the Gaza Strip (Ghanem, 2013). The dominant Palestinian national goal is to establish an independent state in this geographical area.Advertising We will write a custom thesis sample on Terrorism in Israel and Palestine specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, the Palestinians have been unable to obtain their own state. In addition to this, they have suffered from Israel’s conquest and occupation of some of their territories. These issues have led to the perpetration of violent acts against the Israeli. In addition, the Israelis have engaged in state sponsored attacks against Palestinians. Each side is of the opinion that its use of violence against the other is justified. The conflict between Israel and Palestine has triggered the use of numerous radical warfare tactics. Both parties are guilty of practicing terrorist actions, making it difficult to classify who the actual terrorists are. History Origin of the Conflict in the Land of Israel Role of the British Government The defeat of the Ottoman Empire in the First World War led to the establishment of British rule in Palestine. This was a crucial event since Palestine under British Mandate was a country separated from the Arab world and ruled over by a Christian power. Prominent Jewish leaders pushed for the support of Britain to help them establish a home in Palestine. This support was confirmed when the British Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs issued the Balfour Declaration in November 1917. This declaration affirmed British determination to assist the Jews to establish a national home for themselves in Palestin e. The Britain Mandate of Palestine acknowledged the Jewish people and recognized their ambition for statehood (Rowley Taylor, 2006). At the same time, the mandate refused to recognize the Palestinian Arabs as people even though they made up 90% of the population at the time of British occupation (Khalidi, 2007). In addition to this, Britain supported the Jewish Agency. Using this organization, the Jews were able to make a greater impact on the economy of Palestine. This provided them with better opportunities to buy more land in the region. This support further increased the animosity between the Jews and the Arabs in Palestine. Land for the Jewish people post World War 2 The need for a Jewish state emerged after the tumult of the 19th century Europe. This turmoil led to increased persecution and enforced isolation of the Jewish people by the rest of the society. Prominent Jewish individuals in Western Europe were forced to concede that the Jewish people could only achieve peace a nd true equality by creating their own nation. However, the feasibility of a Jewish State only started to emerge following the events of the Second World War.Advertising Looking for thesis on political sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This major war contributed to the influx of Jews into Palestine (Ghanem, 2013). Owing to the rise of the Nazis, thousands of Jews fled to Europe and sought refuge in Palestine. This immigration led to a rise in the number of Jews in the Middle East making it possible for them to achieve demographic parity with the majority of Arabs. Rowley and Taylor (2006) declare that the unwelcome influx of Jews from Europe between the mid 19th century and 1948 led to rising hostility from Palestinians and other Arabs. This initiated the Middle Eastern conflict that has continued relentlessly up to the present time. Bordering nations prejudice towards the Jewish people The Jewish people sought to esta blish a home in a region that was predominantly occupied by Arabs. The neighboring Arab states were not friendly to the Jews, whom they regarded as intruders who had come to forcefully occupy Palestine. For this reason, the Arabs used military means to try to obstruct the Jews from obtaining statehood (Ghanem, 2013). In retaliation, the Jews established the Haganah, a paramilitary organization which membership was open to all Jews in Palestine. This militia played a major role in the War of Independence and it continued to defend Israeli interests against the Arabs. The Arab states contributed to the Israeli-Palestine conflict by waging war against Israel in 1967. In this war, which took place in June, Israel decisively defeated the Arab states and proceeded to seize additional territory from the areas that constituted Palestine under the British Mandate (Shlaim, 1995). The West Bank and Gaza continue to be under Israeli military occupation since the Six-Day war of 1967. Role of the U.N. In 1947, the United Nations came up with partition plans aimed at creating two states in Palestine. Under General Assembly Resolution 181, the UN supposed to create a Jewish and an Arab state in Palestine. The Palestinians rejected this partition plan since they felt that they were historically entitled to all the land. On the other hand, the Jews accepted this partition resolution thus enabling the UN to establish the state of Israel. The Jewish settlers in Palestine hoped to expand their borders beyond those delineated by the UN resolution and between 1948 and 1949, they mobilized forces with the intention of seizing the whole of Palestine (Rowley Taylor, 2006). The UN was ineffective in preserving peace in the Middle East.Advertising We will write a custom thesis sample on Terrorism in Israel and Palestine specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In 1949, the UN volunteered to oversee the peaceful resolution of border disputes between Israelis and the Palestinians. Oren and Halevi (2003) note that the UN proved powerless to prevent terrorist activity between the two groups and this failure culminated in the 1956 Sinai War. Religion and politics Religion has played a critical role in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and it contributed to most of the impasses encountered in an attempt to reach a workable solution to the issue. For the Palestinians, the establishment of a Jewish state in their traditional land was seen as a forceful intrusion on Islamic land. This is the reason why the Palestinians refused to recognize Israel as a nation when the UN presented the Partition Resolution in 1947. The neighboring Arab states also saw the formation of the State of Israel as a plot by the Christian West to undermine the dominance of Islam in the Middle East. On the other hand, the Jews assert that they have a historical right to occupy the land they currently own and the city of Jerusalem. Any attempts to remove th e outposts near the settlements in the West Bank have been met with resistance from Jewish Settlers. Clive (2003) asserts that these settlers are willing to engage in acts of violence concerning the issue of the Settlements not only against Palestinians but also against the state authorities. Politics have played a major role in how leaders act on both the Palestinian and the Israeli sides. Israeli citizens are opposed to any resolution of the conflict that does not guarantee their security. Tel Aviv has been opposed to any solution that gives Palestinians strategic lands therefore compromising Israeli national security. Subsequent Palestinian Authorities have pledged to confront individuals and organizations engaged in terror. However, these pledges have not been delivered on since most of the organizations carrying out terror attacks against Israel have the backing of majority of the Palestinian population. Palestinian leaders have little room for maneuver owing to the different a mbitions of the many Palestinian factions. Clive (2003) states that before any agreement with Israel can be met, Palestinian authorities have to â€Å"secure a ceasefire among all Palestinian factions and attempt to establish a modicum of coherence among the Palestinian body politic† (131).Advertising Looking for thesis on political sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Palestinian Leaders and Organizations The Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) was founded in 1964 and it emerged as the representative of Palestinian national aspirations following the defeat of the Arab states by Israel in the six-day war in 1967. While previously a weak umbrella organization of Palestinian factions and militias was in exile, this organization gained credibility by staging raids against Israel after the Six-Day War. The Party acquired great influence during the leadership of Yasser Arafat and it was involved in major peace talks including the Camp David Accords (Rane, 2009). The PLO lost its influence following the death of Yasser Arafat in 2004. A major political party that also has links to terrorism is Fatah. Founded by Yasser Arafat, this party has played a significant role in the revolutionary struggle of the Palestinians against Israeli occupation (Ghanem, 2013). In the past, the group used its military wing to engage in violent attacks against Israel. Ho wever, the party renounced violence and it is no longer considered as a terrorist movement. In the recent years, Hamas has emerged as the most dominant party in the Palestinian territories. This organization, which has a radical military wing, has had political victories in the Palestinian parliamentary elections. Hamas is committed to establishing a state for the Palestinians in the Middle East and it does not recognize the legitimacy of Israel. The rise of Hamas to power has been paralleled by harsh policy lines against the Palestinian Authority by Israel. Bar-Tal and Akiva (2006) document that Israel has carried out unilateral political programs aimed at undermining Hamas and encouraging the continuation of violence. Role Players and Soldiers Yasser Arafat was the most famous leader of the PLO and he took over leadership in 1969. Under his leadership, the PLO gained international prominence through acts of terrorism and militancy against Israel. These acts were perpetrated on beh alf of the Palestinian national cause. Arafat was viewed by Arabs as an important political leader who fought for the Palestinian national aspirations (Rane, 2009). However, to the Israelis Arafat was a terrorist who masterminded many attacks that led to colossal deaths and destructions in Israel. Mahmoud Abbas succeeded Yasser Arafat as the leader of the PLO and he assumed presidency of the State of Palestine in 2008. Abbas has played a crucial role in negotiations with Israel since he advocated for moderateness. However, Bar-Tal Akiva (2006) state that Abbas was considered to be weak since he did not control the armed groups and he has not made serious efforts to fight terrorism. Terrorist Attacks Naval blockades imposed by Israel have made it impossible for Palestinians to obtain heavy weaponry from the overseas. The destruction of the Palestinian Authority infrastructure has also prevented the Palestinians from forming a strong standing army. Palestinians have therefore engaged in small-scale terrorist attacks against Israel using weaponry smuggled from neighboring Arab states. Palestinians have carried out multiple terrorist attacks against Israel. Most of these attacks have been through rockets fired from Gaza to the streets of Israel. Over the decade, numerous Palestinian factions that promote the use of violence against Israel have emerged. Israeli and Palestinian authorities often call for a cease-fire when negotiations are being carried out between the two parties to try to achieve peace. However, the various Palestinian factions retain the freedom to engage in retaliatory action in response to Israeli transgression (Clive, 2003). Israeli Religious Violence The Jewish people believe that they have a right to occupy Israel. They have a religious attachment to the land since it is the land of their ancestors. The Israeli government is therefore unwilling to come to an agreement that will jeopardize its people or cause them to loss land. Bar-Tal and Ak iva (2006) confirm that the Israelis are not ready to achieve a solution that might give power to a Palestinian government that holds extremist views. For this reason, Israel has been opposed to Hamas, a party that endorses radical Islamic views. Leaders and Groups Yitzhak Rabin was an Israeli statesman who served two terms as the prime minister of the country. He was a member of the Haganah in the 1940s and he enlisted in the Israeli Army after independence. Yitzhak Rabin was involved in the Second Camp David talks, which aimed to end the conflict in the Middle East. A right-wing Israeli radicals who opposed to the agreement that Rabin was willing to make with the Palestinians assassinated this leader in 1995. A significant Israeli leader is Ariel Sharon, who served as Prime Minister from 2001 to 2006. Ariel played a role in the major Israeli wars including the Suez War, the Six-Day War and the Lebanon War of 1982. His skills as a strategist and a commander turned him into a legend in Israel. The Prime Minister’s move to withdraw Israeli Troops from the Gaza Strip was applauded by the international community but denounced by Right-Wing parties in Israel. Counter-terror policies or terrorist attacks Israel has reacted to the intense violence carried out by Palestinians with a number of military operations. Israeli security forces have destroyed much of the infrastructure built by the Palestinian Authorities and carried out counter attacks against Palestinian Gaza and the West Bank. In addition to large-scale military operations against Palestinians, Israel has sanctioned a policy of targeted assassinations against Palestinian leaders who are deemed a threat against Israel. Clive (2003) confirms that Tel Aviv has shown a preference for targeted assassinations against those deemed to be behind the worst atrocities perpetrated upon Israel’s streets. Conclusion The Israeli-Palestine conflict that began in the late 19th century continues to devastate the region to date. This paper is set out to show that each side has contributed to the violence witnessed. Peace has not been achieved in the region because of actions perpetrated by both the Israelis and the Palestinians. On their part, the Palestinians have engaged in armed violence against Israeli occupation and refused to acknowledge the legitimacy of the state of Israel. On the other hand, Israeli security forces have continued to occupy Gaza and the West Bank and carry out counter attacks against Palestinian militants. These issues have made it impossible for a final-status peace agreement to be reached. As long as no agreement is reached, Israel and Palestine will continue to engage each other in a long-term low-level limited war. References Bar-Tal, D., Akiva, E. (2006). Why Israel Does Not Want to Negotiate. Palestine-Israel Journal of Politics, Economics Culture, 13 (2), 6-12. Clive, J. (2003). Terrorism, Liberation or Civil War? The Al-Aqsa Intifada. Civil Wars 6 (3), 129-137. Ghanem, A. (2013). Palestinian Nationalism: An Overview. Israel Studies, 18(2), 11-29. Khalidi, R. (2007). The war for Palestine: rewriting the history of 1948. Cambridge: Cambridge University. Oren, M., Halevi, K. (2003). Fantasy. New Republic, 229 (24), 19-22. Rane, H. (2009). Jihad, competing norms and the Israel Palestine impasse. Australian Journal of International Affairs, 63 (1), 41-63. Rowley, C.K., Taylor, J. (2006). The Israel and Palestine land settlement problem, 1948–2005: An analytical history. Public Choice, 128 (1), 77-90. Shlaim, A. (1995). The Debate about 1948. International Journal of Middle East Studies, 27(3): 287-304. This thesis on Terrorism in Israel and Palestine was written and submitted by user Joslyn Carver to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

4 Scientific Ways To Convince Your Boss to Say Yes Every Time

4 Scientific Ways To Convince Your Boss to Say Yes Every Time As marketers, every month seems like the equivalent of a year in other industries. Marketing has  changed more in last few years than in the last 50 before them. Not only do we have to be awesome at being leaders, conversion experts, project managers, advertisers, copywriters, email wizards, and 48 other skills we have to build the skill of leading change. weve gotta kill the status quo before it kills us. and of course, we have to convince our bosses to go along with it all. This boils down to our ability to influence others. But, if youve ever read about the psychology of influencing others, it can be deflating. Doubly so when it comes to how to convince your boss or peers to try new stuff. 4 Ways To Convince Your Boss to Say Yes Every Time (Backed By Science)The Slightly Depressing Reality Of Influence One of the first principles of influence you come across is called the halo effect. In the 1920s, psychologist Edward Thorndike piloted a study of how military officers judge their subordinates. He found more physically attractive soldiers were were rated higher across the board on a four-point scale: intelligence, physique, leadership, and character. This means positive reactions to physical appearance were projected onto other areas of the soldiers. And as much as we hate to admit it, the rabbit hole goes deeper. This principle holds true in elections, as well. In a study called Beauty at the Ballot Box, researchers theorized that since physical attractiveness is a cue toward good health, we may be biologically programed to esteem it. Meaning were naturally inclined to favor attractive people. The halo effect is at work in our restaurants, as well. Another study called Beauty and the feast found that attractive servers earn roughly $1261 more per year than unattractive servers. And counterintuitively, Beauty matters more for female than male customers. Meaning pretty female waitresses get bigger tips from women. Oh yeah, and then theres this happy stat Pretty people earn 12% more money than average-looking humans. From politics to pot pies, something as shallow as looks play a major role in influencing others. However, when it comes to convincing your boss to say yes to that new process a fresh software tool obliterating makeshift marketing a flexible work-from-home policy we have more science-backed levers to pull than just our faces. 4 Ways To Convince Your Boss To Say Yes With The Power Of Science 🚀 In this post, Ill share the best research on ethical approaches to convince your boss to say yes to anything. No makeup required. Youll learn four tactics: How to position what youre asking for in concrete terms, How to align your change with team objectives, Why to conduct a trial run with a mini post-mortem conversation, And how to win by starting big, then going small. One of the most powerful changes we see is crushing the bug we call makeshift marketing. A major change to the marketing landscape is the volume of tools available. But, most of them dont play well together. This means marketers are awash in single-function tools that arent actually designed with marketers in mind. This makes your life more difficult and hurts your results. So, well walk through examples of leading change to combat it. Alright, saddle up. Its time to convince your boss to say yes every time. #1: Convince Your Boss To Say Yes Through Loss Aversion First up, lets talk opportunity cost. An opportunity cost is the benefit someone could have gained, but gave up, in favor of another action. When you choose one action over another, you lose the benefits of the alternative choice. With this first approach, we will capitalize on the principles of loss aversion and prospect theory. People fear loss more than they desire benefit. And this greatly influences the way they choose between options (aka: prospects). This means people will overweigh even the smallest opportunities for loss. A Nielsen Norman Group article summarizes it like this: When choosing among several alternatives, people avoid losses and optimize for sure wins because the pain of losing is greater than the satisfaction of an equivalent gain. For example, lets say you want to adopt a new marketing tool  like to replace a less effective one (or even multiple tools). Because there is a chance the new tool will cost more than its worth in hard cash  and  in lost productivity, your boss may be instantly loss averse. This will impact her choice between the prospects of status quo and potential loss. To capitalize on this understanding, simply structure your ask in two parts: If we do [thing you want] it will add [positive value]. If we dont do [thing you want] it will cost [negative value]. In this example, your ask might sound like: If we [adopt this new tool], it will give us a [55% lift in productivity per team member]. If we dont [adopt this new tool], we are actually losing [$1,255 per week in lost productivity]. The idea here is to highlight the gain as specifically as possible. Then showcase the loss of the alternative option - in this case changing nothing - as specifically as possible. This way, you can position the facts according to the emotional principles at play. Make loss aversion your friend and get to yes faster. #2: Convince Your Boss By Aligning Change With Team Goals Next, marketers have goals to hit. In fact, a recent study we conducted found that marketers who set goals are 429% more likely to be successful. To warm up your boss to a change, use this stat to your advantage. If you have goals, like driving  1,000 qualified leads every month Cash in on alignment theory. In essence, it posits that the most successful people understand their strengths and then arrange their lives in alignment with them. This theory works for individuals and is also portable for groups. Successful organizations tick using this principle. And the power of alignment is possible when strategy, goals, and purpose mutually reinforce one another. To put it to work with your boss, structure your ask for change like this: Our team is trying to achieve [goal]. But we have [failed] for the past [timeframe]. I think the best way we can do this right now is by [thing you want]  [based on prior success]. In keeping with our 1,000 qualified leads example, the ask might be: Our team is trying to achieve [1,000 qualified leads every month]. But weve [only reached 70% of that goal] for the [past three months]. I think the best way we can do this right now is by [focusing exclusively on driving traffic] [to our top-performing landing pages]. The change youre after is a shifted focus: driving more traffic. However, the goal youre trying to achieve is the same: 1,000 qualified leads. Its also super important to notice the last part of that statement based on prior success. If your team has had any related successes in the past, highlight them for leverage as proof.If your team has had any related successes in the past, highlight them for leverage as proof. In this example, it was top-performing landing pages. In their fantastic book, Switch, authors Chip and Dan Heath call these prior wins bright spots. Theyre extremely powerful because they showcase that positive results  are possible, because you have achieved them in the past. Youre team is capable of the results. So, youre aligning your methods accordingly. Bonus: This is also a great chance to sharpen your goal-setting strategy if it needs a little work. #3:Convince Your Boss With A Post-Mortem Post-mortems sound depressing but can I confess something? I think theyre awesome. A post-mortem is an analysis held after any project. Usually, its aim is to figure out: How on earth did things go so wrong?! However, I love them because theyre amazing chances to learn. Theyre even beneficial to hold on the heels of successful projects. No matter how well a project has gone, there are always things that can be improved.  They promote healthy self-reflection and can benefit your entire team. In this case, I want you to hold a mini post-mortem with your boss in advance of your ask. The reason is twofold. You can learn why similar changes have failed in the past. You can pre-empt legitimate objections your boss will have ahead of time. Why Have Other Things Failed? By learning why other initiatives have failed, you can learn what pitfalls to avoid. For instance, if youre proposing a move from spreadsheets to   - or a similar transition from a clunky way of doing things - how helpful would it be to learn that the last tool transition to be shot down actually had the support of your manager, but got squashed by the CFO? An easy way to phrase this question is, When was the last time we wanted to get budget for a new project, idea, or tool in our department? If the last attempt failed, you can follow with, Why do you think it failed? And is there any way it could have been approved? If it succeeded, even better! You can ask, Why was it successful? And how has it panned out? Overcoming Legitimate Objections Next, you can glean what legitimate objections your boss may have to your idea. Almost every boss Ive ever had loved to say, Yes! to great ideas. But so many of my attempts at leading a new change as the underling failed because I didnt understand their field of visibility. Field of visibility means their viewpoint informed by the things they know that I dont. Often, its the difference between someone standing on a balcony and someone in the crowd below. Company execs sit in meetings that you dont. They hear forecasts, plans, and upcoming constraints that you dont. They understand organizational dynamics you may have missed. They see your team from a broader perspective than you might. This means understanding their field of visibility is incredibly beneficial. With an informal post-mortem, you can dig into why a similar change failed. This will help you position your ask to overcome your bosss legitimate (or even illegitimate) objections. Whether its data  A project champion up the chain Or competitive research You can gain insight beforehand to have great answers to tough questions. #4: Convince Your Boss By Asking Big, Then Small Last, if youre a marketer, youve probably heard of the rule of reciprocity. Psychologist and mega best-selling author Robert Cialdini explains it in his book  Influence: The Psychology of Persuasion like this. He says, The rule says that we should try to repay, in kind, what another person has provided us [and] by virtue of the reciprocity rulewe are  obligated to the future repayment of favors, gifts, invitations, and the like. The idea is to do something for someone else  before you ask them to do something for you. When you do so, youre far more likely to get that coveted yes. But honestly, this principle might be effective, but its too manipulative for me to entertain actually doing this. Call me a boy scout, but that seems like a pretty sketchy move. And worse, an infringement on a healthy relationship. Now that Ive taken a stand on my moral high ground, Ill share with you a version of this rule Id happily endorse 😎 Cialdini also shares a specific application of this rule called bargaining, saying, Bargaining is frequently used in the negotiation process, which involves reciprocal concessions. That is, if Person A rebuffs a large request from Person B, and Person B then concedes by making a smaller request, Person A will feel obligated to reciprocate this concession with a concession of his or her own by agreeing to this lesser plea. In 1975, researchers on the Arizona State University campus cracked the code on exactly how this works. Their experiment was pretty slick. Half of the students in the test were asked, Will you chaperone juvenile-detention-center inmates on a day trip to the zoo? Only 17% of them said yes. The other half of the test subjects were asked a leading question first: Will you volunteer as a juvenile-detention-center counselor for two hours per week for the next two years? Everyone said no to the first question. However, almost 50% said yes to the second question about chaperoning the zoo visit! The angle for our marketing purposes is pretty obvious. Construct two versions of your ask.

Causes, Kinds, And Effect Of Kidney Disease

Causes, Kinds, And Effect Of Kidney Disease Kidney Disease Kidney Disease is a disease affecting the kidneys and its functions. There are many different forms of kidney disease and various outcomes. In order to recognize kidney disease, there are many symptoms that someone would be able to recognize. There are 3 main causes of kidney disease that can be fatal to a person’s body. Kidney Disease effects many aspects of life and can change someone’s life for the worse. The Kidneys are two organs that are located on the left and right of the spine in the middle of the back. They are in a shape of a bean and about the size of a human fist. The main function of the kidneys is to remove waste and excess fluid from the body. They also regulate the body’s salt, potassium, and acid content. The kidneys produce hormones and vitamins that regulate blood pressure and help the metabolism. Without the kidneys, the body would not be able to function successfully. When diagnosed with kidney disease there are many symptoms that come with it. High blood pressure is most common symptom. Most other symptoms deal with urination and swelling of the body. Symptoms coming from urination include burning or difficulty during urination and increase in frequency of urination. Also, the passage of blood in urine is not uncommon. Puffiness around the eyes, swelling of the feet and hands, and pain in the small of the back is also to be expected when diagnosed. There are many kinds of kidney diseases. The 3 main types of disorders are congenital disorder, chronic disorder, and acute disorder. Congenital disorders are either genetic or developed at a very early age. Chronic disorders develop over many years and are long-lasting. Acute disorders occur very suddenly and are very dangerous. An example of how to develop acute kidney disease is from a blockage of the kidney drainage system. Causes of kidney disease can be developed after a long period of time or something that occurs suddenly. All causes are dangerous and lead to death either from the kidneys are the disease itself. Diabetes and High Blood Pressure are the 2 main causes of kidney disease. Immune system conditions such as Lupus and HIV/AIDS are contributing factors of this disease. When a person is diagnosed with Hepatitis B and C, kidney disease is a very likely possibility. The only cause of kidney disease that is under human control is the consumption of alcohol. This can be very dangerous to every part of a human body but the kidneys are greatly affected. Alcohol prevents the kidneys from maintaining a proper balance of body fluids and minerals. It also damages the kidney cells, changing the structure and function of the kidneys. Lastly, drinking alcohol increases the chance of developing high blood pressure, which is the 2nd leading cause of kidney disease. Disorders that affect the kidneys can be diagnosed by a number of methods. Kidney imaging such as MRIs and X-Rays are the most common method. Blood tests, urinalysis, and renal kidney are a few of the others. Renal kidney is a biopsy done on the kidney where samples of the kidney are taken and tested. All of these tests are used to determine the type and degree of the kidney disease. Through my research, I found out a lot about kidney disease. The thing that most impacted me was how alcohol was the only cause of kidney disease that humans have the control over. I also learned a lot about how the kidney actually works and how much the body depends on the kidneys to survive.

COPD Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

COPD - Essay Example Smoking is the most responsible for the COPD in human beings. 15 percent of smokers have been found to suffer from COPD, along with associated respiratory problems. Passive smoking has also been found to affect small children with respiratory problems, and infections. Lung diseases are often caused by air pollution that in many cases develops into COPD. Occupational pollutants like cadmium and silica create the risks of COPD, particularly in individuals who have the chances of intake of these pollutants. Deficiency of alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) is another major cause of COPD that reflects a hereditary problem in many individuals (Schiffman & Shiel, 2013). The process of the disease of COPD consists of three conditions within an individual. These are chronic bronchitis, chronic asthma, and emphysema. The flow of air gets obstructed and hence unable to pass through the airflows often making such obstruction permanent. If patients suffering from asthma are not treated, then such patients tend to have a rigid element of obstruction of the airways leading to COPD. In COPD the limitation in the flow of air is progressive in nature. Moreover it leads to irregular inflammatory reaction of the lungs to lethal particles or harmful gases. The abnormal responses of the inflammations occur â€Å"throughout the proximal and peripheral airways, lung parenchyma, and pulmonary vasculature† (O’Connell Smeltzer et al, 2010, p.602). Since the inflammation is chronic in nature and there is a tendency of the body to repair the process, hence the airways reflect alterations and narrowing in their features. As a result of this disease, there a re changes in the components of the lungs as well (O’Connell Smeltzer et al, 2010, p.602). Certain common treatments are available for COPD patients. With intentions to avert further worsening of the conditions of the lungs, to lessen the symptoms and their effects, and to improve the conditions

Reading Cultures.Politics of Representation Essay

Reading Cultures.Politics of Representation - Essay Example While studying semiotics; however one must  consider  that there  is applied  semiotic structures as for instance architecture, dress or cuisine. Any edifice is a refuge and a  certain  message (Hall, 1980:58). Semiotics maybe applied to cultural studies to artifacts as literary texts, photographs, popular songs, food, road signs, advertisements, and clothing.  Semiotics does not  seek  to  find  the  importance  of texts but to be conversant with the process through which they become  meaningful  and how they are differently  being interpreted.  Representation is the  production  of meaning,  discourse  and  image  (Hall, 1997:3). Looking at the  advertisement  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Istanbul European capital of culture†, there are  several  cultural aspects about Istanbul and the people of Istanbul that  are brought  out. ... Big,  colorful  palaces built in the Ottoman Empire  style  of houses have been the way to in the Middle East even in the ancient times. From the images, it would be  rare  to find someone mistaking Istanbul to a city in the U.S, because of the unique buildings. There is a lot of use of horses as a mode of transport, of  course  representing how long they have been using them. The use of boats can also be seen and, it represents a  mode  of  transport  that is free and readily available from the way a  boat  flies in between buildings. In the advertisement, there illustrations of how easily one can  move  around the city from using the suspension bridge, to moving from one place to another via en electric train. Most of the modes of transport in the advertisement started in the ancient times. All through the advertisement, there is dancing. To bring out the  significance  of dancing in understanding the city of Istanbul, is the  code  of dressi ng used when dancing, the movements and the musical instruments used. All these elements used in the advertisement cannot be specified to  represent  only the city of Istanbul; it could be another Islamic city like Dubai or even Qatar. With that in mind, the same elements can only be associated with an Islamic community. Let us use an  example  in the use of color  white  as used by Andrew (1996:12). White  is  commonly  associated  with  peaceful  and, good times like weddings and, that is why people wear white wedding dresses, but in some places, white  is associated  with severe  thing  such as death.  Considering that, it is necessary to  note  how  specific  mode of dressing, the  architecture  and dancing are to a community. The meaning of the images shown in the advertisement is that Istanbul is an

Ontario’s Forest Accord Essay Example for Free

Ontario’s Forest Accord Essay The Ontario Forest Accord is an organized agreement of forest industry representatives, environmental community and the Ministry of Natural Resources which aims to make an acceptable approach to establish parks and some protected areas but not jeopardizing the needs of the forest industry. The Accord is under legislated protection also concerning the management of protected areas regarding its sustainability. Now, they are currently implementing â€Å"Room to Grow† policy that advances the wood production that can be allocated to parks, protected areas and forest industries. Since the Accord is aiming for environmental beauty and sustainability, they caught the attention of the tourists which gave them the idea to really put their work into good use and drastically improve tourism. The Accord has a huge responsibility on their hands having twelve percent of the forest and protected areas for which they have to manage. With their efforts, the tourism industry got more involved and productive—they have coordinated with the Accord organizers to draw up some policies in which they can make the implementation of the Accord more accepted by the public. The â€Å"Room to Grow† policy linked the two separate fields to hand-in-hand help each other for sustainability and development as well. For conservation and protection, Ecological Land Acquisition Program was launched to protect private land. This program is concerned with the transactions between the private sector and the government who wants to claim ecologically rich area. Basically, it was made to protect the habitat of species and also restrain companies of acquiring ecological lands that may help us improve our natural resources. The Ontario Forest Accord is like a relentless police that keeps on checking the government and private sector regarding their actions with natural resources. Works Cited Ontario’s Forest. (2003). Sustainability for Today and Tomorrow. Available on January 16, 2008 http://ontariosforests. mnr. gov. on. ca/spectrasites/internet/ontarioforests/conservingprotecting. cfm

How the Red Scare Created a Hollywood Blacklist Essay -- essays resear

In the 1930s and 1940s many Hollywood writers, actors, producers, and directors were suspected for communist affiliations. During this time, communism was a popular political movement in the United States, especially among young liberals. There was a growing fear of communism invading American society. By the end of World War Two an event known as the Red Scare resulted in communism become increasingly feared and hated by many in the United States. The Hollywood blacklist caused the Hollywood industry a lot of harm in its business and reputation. The House Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC) was created in 1938. They were focused on investigating and putting an end to Communists and Communist supporters in the American Society. Their first major attack was on the Hollywood film industry. Communists in the Hollywood industry were said to be placing subversive messages into films. The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and others like Senator Joseph McCarthy pestered communists and supporters of the Communist party. McCarthy conducted â€Å"witch hunts† in effort to seek out and eliminate suspected Communists. Congressional hearings were in effect, not hearings, but trials for crimes that were not really crimes, with congressmen serving as prosecutor, judge, and jury. Unable to deprive a person of their life and liberty, they deprived him of his livelihood. If the person refused to give the names of other Communists, he or she would automatically be considered guilty. Witnesses of the trials were immediately classified as either friendly or unfriendly. Friendly witnesses answered questions concerning themselves and others. They were then cleared from the blacklist and allowed to go back to work in Holly... ...to obtain work in the American film and television industry for many years. Some of those blacklisted continued to write Hollywood films, using false names. This allowed movies such as The Bridge on the River Kwai to be completed. Several screenwriters moved to other countries, where they were able to find work in film. Most estimates indicate that the blacklist involved approximately three hundred and twenty-five employees in film and related industries. However nearly expert believes there were over five hundred victims of the Hollywood blacklist. It wasn’t until 1961, when a director named Otto Preminger announced he was hiring a writer named Trumbo who was on the blacklist to write a move that things began to slowly change. In 1997, a group named the Writers Guild of America voted to change the writing credits of 23 films made during the blacklist period. How the Red Scare Created a Hollywood Blacklist Essay -- essays resear In the 1930s and 1940s many Hollywood writers, actors, producers, and directors were suspected for communist affiliations. During this time, communism was a popular political movement in the United States, especially among young liberals. There was a growing fear of communism invading American society. By the end of World War Two an event known as the Red Scare resulted in communism become increasingly feared and hated by many in the United States. The Hollywood blacklist caused the Hollywood industry a lot of harm in its business and reputation. The House Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC) was created in 1938. They were focused on investigating and putting an end to Communists and Communist supporters in the American Society. Their first major attack was on the Hollywood film industry. Communists in the Hollywood industry were said to be placing subversive messages into films. The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and others like Senator Joseph McCarthy pestered communists and supporters of the Communist party. McCarthy conducted â€Å"witch hunts† in effort to seek out and eliminate suspected Communists. Congressional hearings were in effect, not hearings, but trials for crimes that were not really crimes, with congressmen serving as prosecutor, judge, and jury. Unable to deprive a person of their life and liberty, they deprived him of his livelihood. If the person refused to give the names of other Communists, he or she would automatically be considered guilty. Witnesses of the trials were immediately classified as either friendly or unfriendly. Friendly witnesses answered questions concerning themselves and others. They were then cleared from the blacklist and allowed to go back to work in Holly... ...to obtain work in the American film and television industry for many years. Some of those blacklisted continued to write Hollywood films, using false names. This allowed movies such as The Bridge on the River Kwai to be completed. Several screenwriters moved to other countries, where they were able to find work in film. Most estimates indicate that the blacklist involved approximately three hundred and twenty-five employees in film and related industries. However nearly expert believes there were over five hundred victims of the Hollywood blacklist. It wasn’t until 1961, when a director named Otto Preminger announced he was hiring a writer named Trumbo who was on the blacklist to write a move that things began to slowly change. In 1997, a group named the Writers Guild of America voted to change the writing credits of 23 films made during the blacklist period.

Fin 202- Group Assignment

â€Å" p c l h n t Ms h m Le H S ei t a k o . a i a a P n frh ligu t d t i po c† o e n s o o hs rj t p e Table of content: Excutive Summary: †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. P. 3 Business Plan:†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. P. 3 Vision:†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. P. 3 Main Services:†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦P. 3 Evaluating the market:†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. P. 4 Financial Plan:†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. P. 5 Initial Investment:†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. P. 5 Interest Payment:†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦P. 6 Wages Payment: †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦P. 6 Variable cost:†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. P. 7 Fixed cost per year for Selling and Admin activities:†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. P. 7 Expected number of customers:†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. P. 7 Total expense:†¦Ã¢â ‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. P. 8 Price of each services:†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦P. 8 Revenue Plan:†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦P. Profit & Loss Plan:†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. P. 9 Break even for each year:†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦P. 9 Cash flow& Analysis:†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. P. 10 Conclusion:†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. P. 10 Reference:†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. P. 11 Excutive summary: In order to bring customers a new service, especially for the female customers, our group decided to bring a new project- call Cake Paradise. Nowadays, need of making a handmade cake or chocolate of female customers for their lovers, friends or families is very high but not everyone has enough money to buy for herself an expensive oven or cake cooking tools. Our project is created to solve this problems.We provide a service for customer to hire our kitchen with full machines & tools of cake co oking to made a cake or chocolate. We also provides ingridiants in Shop of cake ingridients in 1st floor and Class of learning how to make a cake 2 times/week. With this advantages and professional of this service, we believe we will achieve the highest expectation from customer. To be the first company provide service in hiring Cake making machines and Tools, Cake paradise have high grow rate and fullfill the need of customers about the cake making-which means profitable and deserve to be invested.Business plan: Vision: Customers Focus High quality services Grown up by 100% in the first 5 years Making profits since 2nd or 3rd year operating Main Services: 1st Floor: Shop of Cake ‘ingridientswhere you can find any kinds of cake ingridients and tools. 2nd & 3rd Floor: Cake paradise’s Kitchen – for hiring with fullfill cake making ‘s equipment and tools. It is call DIY service- With VND120,000 for 3 hours, you will have full of cake making equipment and tools to make your ideal cake for your lovers.Every Friday and Sunday, we have classes of making cake, which are teached by cookers who are very experienced in making cakes- With VND400,000 for a 4-hour class, you will learn to make 3 kinds of delicious cakes or chocolate in the world, it is a best price for any learners. Evaluating Market: Instead of going to a cake shop and buy for the lovers or family, friends a cake, recently, many girls and women want to make for her relatives a cake by herself.This gift is unique and more meaningful to her relatives and in other way, it prove the womenliness and caringful of who made it. It now creates a trend not only in making cake but also in making handmade stuffs. We notice that there is a lack for cake handmade market. We can easily find handmake ‘s materitals and tools in the market as paper, stuff,†¦.. with a quite cheap price. But in making cake, the ingridients, especially the cake making equipments are very expensive.Not every one has enough money to buy for herself a expensive oven or cooking tools. When in the market, there are many suppliers provides for other handmade things but there aren’t a supplier which provide hiring cake making machine & tools although the demand of it is very high. Seeing this, our group decided to bring Cake paradise service to customer. Financial Plan: Innital Investment: We plan the project will be implemented in 5 years For the long-term assets, time for full depreciation is 5 years. No.Tool& Equipment Capital Expense 1st Floor -Shop for Cake's ingridients Good shelf Refrigerator Table Electronic Cash Regristor Cost of Installment& Decoration 2nd & 3rd Floor- Place for DIY and Learning Kitchen cupboard Oven Refrigerator Hand-mixer Blender Gas cooker Fan Table Cost of Installment & Decoration 4th Floor -Office Destop & PC Phones Printer Office Table and chairs Cost of Installment& Decoration Working capital for the zero year Uniform for Staff Training course for staf f Tools for the kitchen Tools for the office CashINITAL INVESTMENT Quantity Cost per Unit Total Cost 148,500,000 17,800,000 4,800,000 3,500,000 1,000,000 3,500,000 5,000,000 99,900,000 30,000,000 18,000,000 26,000,000 2,800,000 1,100,000 4,000,000 4,000,000 4,000,000 10,000,000 30,800,000 20,000,000 800,000 3,000,000 5,000,000 2,000,000 45,000,000 2,000,000 3,000,000 5,000,000 5,000,000 30,000,000 193,500,000 29,700,000 1 1 1 600,000 3,500,000 1,000,000 3,500,000 5,000,000 15,000,000 3,000,000 13,000,000 700,000 550,000 2,000,000 1,000,000 1,000,000 10,000,000 10,000,000 800,000 3,000,000 1,000,000 2,000,000 200,000 500,000 TOTAL DEPRECITAION 2 6 2 4 2 2 4 4 2 1 1 5 10 6 Interest Payment: Year Quarter 1 I II III IV 2 I II III IV 3 I II III IV 4 I II III IV 5 I IIIII IV INTEREST PAYMENTS (VND) Beginning Balance Principal Payment Interest Payment Total Payment Total Payment/Year Ending Balance 80,000,000 4,000,000 2,400,000 6,400,000 24,880,000 76,000,000 76,000,000 4,000,000 2,280,00 0 6,280,000 72,000,000 72,000,000 4,000,000 2,160,000 6,160,000 68,000,000 68,000,000 4,000,000 2,040,000 6,040,000 64,000,000 64,000,000 4,000,000 1,920,000 5,920,000 22,960,000 60,000,000 60,000,000 4,000,000 1,800,000 5,800,000 56,000,000 56,000,000 4,000,000 1,680,000 5,680,000 52,000,000 52,000,000 4,000,000 1,560,000 5,560,000 48,000,000 48,000,000 4,000,000 1,440,000 5,440,000 21,040,000 44,000,000 44,000,000 4,000,000 1,320,000 5,320,000 40,000,000 40,000,000 4,000,000 1,200,000 5,200,000 36,000,000 36,000,000 4,000,000 1,080,000 5,080,000 32,000,000 32,000,000 4,000,000 960,000 4,960,000 19,120,000 28,000,000 28,000,000 4,000,000 840,000 4,840,000 24,000,000 24,000,000 4,000,000 720,000 4,720,000 20,000,000 20,000,000 4,000,000 600,000 4,600,000 16,000,000 16,000,000 4,000,000 480,000 4,480,000 17,200,000 12,000,000 12,000,000 4,000,000 360,000 4,360,000 8,000,000 8,000,000 4,000,000 240,000 4,240,000 4,000,000 4,000,000 4,000,000 120,000 4,120,000 Notes: Debt of VND80,000, 000 from bank, maturity of 5 years, interest rate 12% Interest is paid in from the first month, principal payment is incurred once a quarter Wages payment:Job title 1 Director 2 Secretary 3 Accountant 4 Sales Assistant 5 Cooking teacher 6 Securities Total Quantity 1 1 1 6 2 2 WAGE PAYMENTS (VND) Year 1 Year 2 72,000,000 75,600,000 42,000,000 44,100,000 48,000,000 50,400,000 144,000,000 151,200,000 96,000,000 100,800,000 48,000,000 50,400,000 450,000,000 472,500,000 Year 3 79,380,000 46,305,000 52,920,000 158,760,000 105,840,000 52,920,000 496,125,000 Year 4 83,349,000 48,620,250 55,566,000 166,698,000 111,132,000 55,566,000 520,931,250 Year 5 87,516,450 51,051,263 58,344,300 175,032,900 116,688,600 58,344,300 546,977,813 Notes: 1. Wages of Director, Secretary, Accountant, Sales Assistant, Securities are included in Selling and Admin Fixed expense each year 2. Wages of cooking teacher is included as Direct Labor for Learning Services 3. Wages growth rate is 5% each year Variable cost :We have three services in this project, in general, to estimate the variable cost, we estimate the variable cost beyond the number of customers we service. Services Included Shopping DIY Learning Bag Tool packgage 1 Tools package 2 Ingridients Using CP's kitchen Using CP's tools Teacher Services Included Bag Tool package 1 Tool package 2 Ingridients Using CP's kitchen (gas, water, electricity cost,†¦) Using CP's kitchen ‘s tools Teacher Total VARIABLE COST PER CUSTOMER Shopping DIY 500 3,500 Learning 500 3,500 15,000 3,000 10,000 500 3,500 15,000 50,000 3,000 10,000 50,000 132,000 4,000 32,000 Fixed cost per year for Selling and Admin activities:FIXED COST PER YEAR FOR ADMINSTRATIVE & SELLING ACTIVITIES Detail Per month Per year Internet bill 250,000 3,000,000 Electricity bill 1,500,000 18,000,000 Water bill 200,000 2,400,000 Phoning bill 200,000 2,400,000 Advertising exp 6,000,000 Other exp 1,000,000 12,000,000 43,800,000 Expected number of customers: year 1 Shopping DI Y Learning Total EXPECTED NUMBER OF CUSTOMER year 2 year 3 year 4 3500 4550 5460 2920 3796 4555 768 998 1198. 1 7,188 9,344 11,213 year 5 5733 4783 1258 11,774 6020 5022 1321 12,363 We assume that because this is a new services which haven't existed in the market so it will have a numerous of customers The growth rate will be 30%, 10% and 5% for the year of 2, 3, 4 and 5 respectively , after the services enter the market. Total expense:Year 0 Total Variable costs Shopping DIY Learning Total Fixed costs Wages Depreciation House Renting Fixed cost of selling and admin Intersest payment Total cost TOTAL EXPENSE Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 208,816,000 271,460,800 325,752,960 342,040,608 14,000,000 18,200,000 21,840,000 22,932,000 93,440,000 121,472,000 145,766,400 153,054,720 101,376,000 131,788,800 158,146,560 166,053,888 512,380,000 354,000,000 29,700,000 60,000,000 43,800,000 24,880,000 721,196,000 528,160,000 371,700,000 29,700,000 60,000,000 43,800,000 22,960,000 799,620,800 544,825,000 390,285,000 29,700,000 60,000,000 43,800,000 21,040,000 870,577,960 562,419,250 409,799,250 29,700,000 60,000,000 43,800,000 19,120,000 904,459,858 359,142,638 24,078,600 160,707,456 174,356,582 580,989,213 430,289,213 29,700,000 60,000,000 43,800,000 17,200,000 940,131,851 Price of each services:Customer Year 1 Shopping DIY Learning Year 2 Shopping DIY Learning Year 3 Shopping DIY Learning Year 4 Shopping DIY Learning Year 5 Shopping DIY Learning 3,500 2,920 768 4,550 3,796 998 5,460 4,555 1,198 5,733 4,783 1,258 6,020 5,022 1,321 Variable Cost 14,000,000 93,440,000 101,376,000 18,200,000 121,472,000 131,788,800 21,840,000 145,766,400 158,146,560 22,932,000 153,054,720 166,053,888 24,078,600 160,707,456 174,356,582 Fixed cost Toatal cost Cost per customer Average cost in 5 year 512,380,000 51,238,000 65,238,000 18,639 15,138 230,571,000 324,011,000 110,963 92,074 230,571,000 331,947,000 432,223 360,406 528,160,000 52,816,000 71,016,000 15,608 237,672,000 359,144,000 94 ,611 237,672,000 369,460,800 370,053 544,825,000 54,482,500 76,322,500 13,978 245,171,250 390,937,650 85,822 245,171,250 403,317,810 336,637 562,419,250 56,241,925 79,173,925 13,810 253,088,663 406,143,383 84,915 253,088,663 419,142,551 333,186 580,989,213 58,098,921 82,177,521 13,652 261,445,146 422,152,602 84,059 261,445,146 435,801,728 329,932 Shopping DIY Learning Original Cost plus 1% Final Price Note: We calculate the total cost of a service and base on it to estimate the price 15,289 17,000 For the Shopping services, the price is the average profit we gain from each shopping bill 92,995 120,000Assume that the shop don't have inventory because the goods are directly taken from agent 364,010 400,000 Revenue Plan:Year 0 Shopping Customer Profit/bill DIY Customer Price Learning Customer Price Total Growth rate of revenue (%) Year 1 EXPECTED REVENUE Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 59,500,000 77,350,000 92,820,000 97,461,000 102,334,050 3,500 4,550 5,460 5,733 6,020 17,000 17,000 17,00 0 17,000 17,000 350,400,000 455,520,000 546,624,000 573,955,200 602,652,960 2,920 3,796 4,555 4,783 5,022 120,000 120,000 120,000 120,000 120,000 307,200,000 399,360,000 479,232,000 503,193,600 528,353,280 768 998 1,198 1,258 1,321 400,000 400,000 400,000 400,000 400,000 717,100,000 932,230,000 1,118,676,000 1,174,609,800 1,233,340,290 30 20 5 5 Because this is a completely new services, so after the first year, the number of customers increase sharply in the 2nd and 3rd year, but in the 4th and 5th year when Cake paradise (C has the competitor, ( who enter the market to join this segment), the growth rate of CP increase slightly at 5%. Profit & Loss Plan:Year 1 Revenue Variable Cost Contribute Margin Fixed Cost Earning before Tax Tax Earning after tax PROFIT AND LOSS PLAN Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 717,100,000 932,230,000 1,118,676,000 1,174,609,800 1,233,340,290 208,816,000 271,460,800 325,752,960 342,040,608 359,142,638 508,284,000 660,769,200 792,923,040 832,569,192 874,197,652 512,380,000 528,160,000 544,825,000 562,419,250 580,989,213 (4,096,000) 132,609,200 248,098,040 270,149,942 293,208,439 28% 28% 28% 28% 28% (4,096,000) 95,478,624 178,630,589 194,507,958 211,110,076 We can see that in the first year, because this is a new service and it needs time for the customers to know and have the habit to use this service, so the earning after tax for the first year is negative. After the first year,the number of customers who know and use Cake Paradise service increase (beyond word of mouth), the earning after tax for the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th increase sharply. Break even for each year:Year 1 CM CM unit CM Ratio Break even point Break even revenue Safety of margin 508,284,000 70712. 9 0. 7088 7,246 722,878,741 (5,778,741) BREAK EVEN Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 660,769,200 792,923,040 832,569,192 874,197,652 70712. 9 70712. 9 70712. 9 70712. 9 0. 7088 0. 7088 0. 7088 0. 7088 7,469 7,705 7,954 8,216 745,141,567 768,652,973 793,475,388 819,674,364 187,088,433 350, 023,027 381,134,412 413,665,926 Cash flow: We have, cost of capital was calculated by WACC assumption: ( ( ) ) Year 0 Revenue Operating Expense EBITDA D&A EBIT (1- Tax) NOPAT CFOP Capital expense Working capital Add W. C Free Cash flow Payback Period Cost of capital NPV IRR MIRRCASH FLOW Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 717,100,000 932,230,000 1,118,676,000 1,174,609,800 1,233,340,290 691,496,000 769,920,800 840,877,960 874,759,858 910,431,851 25,604,000 162,309,200 277,798,040 299,849,942 322,908,439 29,700,000 29,700,000 29,700,000 29,700,000 29,700,000 (4,096,000) 132,609,200 248,098,040 270,149,942 293,208,439 0. 72 0. 72 0. 72 0. 72 0. 72 (4,096,000) 95,478,624 178,630,589 194,507,958 211,110,076 25,604,000 125,178,624 208,330,589 224,207,958 240,810,076 (148,500,000) (45,000,000) (193,500,000) 2. 5 15. 30% 277,726,609 54% 30. 39% (45,000,000) 25,604,000 (58,500,000) (13,500,000) 111,678,624 (70,200,000) (11,700,000) 196,630,589 (73,710,000) (3,510,000) 220,697,958 (77,395,50 0) (3,685,500) 314,520,076 The Payback Period is:Conclusion: 1. 2. 3. 4. The project completely has the ability of reaching the break-even point from the first year. Payback period is nearly 2. 5 years, a very appropriate period in the whole process of 5 years. NPV is a positive numbers and IRR is at 54%, much more higher than the cost of capital. MIRR is at 30. 39%, a high figure. ? Although the initial investment is quite small, all the figures above have proved that this project is profitable and promises to bring high profit. Reference: Fundamental of corporate financial Book Vatgia. vn Kitchenart. wordpress. com Nguyenkim. vn â€Å"Special thank to Ms. Pham Lien Ha to helps us to do this project† Fin 202- Group Assignment â€Å" p c l h n t Ms h m Le H S ei t a k o . a i a a P n frh ligu t d t i po c† o e n s o o hs rj t p e Table of content: Excutive Summary: †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. P. 3 Business Plan:†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. P. 3 Vision:†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. P. 3 Main Services:†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦P. 3 Evaluating the market:†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. P. 4 Financial Plan:†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. P. 5 Initial Investment:†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. P. 5 Interest Payment:†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦P. 6 Wages Payment: †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦P. 6 Variable cost:†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. P. 7 Fixed cost per year for Selling and Admin activities:†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. P. 7 Expected number of customers:†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. P. 7 Total expense:†¦Ã¢â ‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. P. 8 Price of each services:†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦P. 8 Revenue Plan:†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦P. Profit & Loss Plan:†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. P. 9 Break even for each year:†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦P. 9 Cash flow& Analysis:†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. P. 10 Conclusion:†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. P. 10 Reference:†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. P. 11 Excutive summary: In order to bring customers a new service, especially for the female customers, our group decided to bring a new project- call Cake Paradise. Nowadays, need of making a handmade cake or chocolate of female customers for their lovers, friends or families is very high but not everyone has enough money to buy for herself an expensive oven or cake cooking tools. Our project is created to solve this problems.We provide a service for customer to hire our kitchen with full machines & tools of cake co oking to made a cake or chocolate. We also provides ingridiants in Shop of cake ingridients in 1st floor and Class of learning how to make a cake 2 times/week. With this advantages and professional of this service, we believe we will achieve the highest expectation from customer. To be the first company provide service in hiring Cake making machines and Tools, Cake paradise have high grow rate and fullfill the need of customers about the cake making-which means profitable and deserve to be invested.Business plan: Vision: Customers Focus High quality services Grown up by 100% in the first 5 years Making profits since 2nd or 3rd year operating Main Services: 1st Floor: Shop of Cake ‘ingridientswhere you can find any kinds of cake ingridients and tools. 2nd & 3rd Floor: Cake paradise’s Kitchen – for hiring with fullfill cake making ‘s equipment and tools. It is call DIY service- With VND120,000 for 3 hours, you will have full of cake making equipment and tools to make your ideal cake for your lovers.Every Friday and Sunday, we have classes of making cake, which are teached by cookers who are very experienced in making cakes- With VND400,000 for a 4-hour class, you will learn to make 3 kinds of delicious cakes or chocolate in the world, it is a best price for any learners. Evaluating Market: Instead of going to a cake shop and buy for the lovers or family, friends a cake, recently, many girls and women want to make for her relatives a cake by herself.This gift is unique and more meaningful to her relatives and in other way, it prove the womenliness and caringful of who made it. It now creates a trend not only in making cake but also in making handmade stuffs. We notice that there is a lack for cake handmade market. We can easily find handmake ‘s materitals and tools in the market as paper, stuff,†¦.. with a quite cheap price. But in making cake, the ingridients, especially the cake making equipments are very expensive.Not every one has enough money to buy for herself a expensive oven or cooking tools. When in the market, there are many suppliers provides for other handmade things but there aren’t a supplier which provide hiring cake making machine & tools although the demand of it is very high. Seeing this, our group decided to bring Cake paradise service to customer. Financial Plan: Innital Investment: We plan the project will be implemented in 5 years For the long-term assets, time for full depreciation is 5 years. No.Tool& Equipment Capital Expense 1st Floor -Shop for Cake's ingridients Good shelf Refrigerator Table Electronic Cash Regristor Cost of Installment& Decoration 2nd & 3rd Floor- Place for DIY and Learning Kitchen cupboard Oven Refrigerator Hand-mixer Blender Gas cooker Fan Table Cost of Installment & Decoration 4th Floor -Office Destop & PC Phones Printer Office Table and chairs Cost of Installment& Decoration Working capital for the zero year Uniform for Staff Training course for staf f Tools for the kitchen Tools for the office CashINITAL INVESTMENT Quantity Cost per Unit Total Cost 148,500,000 17,800,000 4,800,000 3,500,000 1,000,000 3,500,000 5,000,000 99,900,000 30,000,000 18,000,000 26,000,000 2,800,000 1,100,000 4,000,000 4,000,000 4,000,000 10,000,000 30,800,000 20,000,000 800,000 3,000,000 5,000,000 2,000,000 45,000,000 2,000,000 3,000,000 5,000,000 5,000,000 30,000,000 193,500,000 29,700,000 1 1 1 600,000 3,500,000 1,000,000 3,500,000 5,000,000 15,000,000 3,000,000 13,000,000 700,000 550,000 2,000,000 1,000,000 1,000,000 10,000,000 10,000,000 800,000 3,000,000 1,000,000 2,000,000 200,000 500,000 TOTAL DEPRECITAION 2 6 2 4 2 2 4 4 2 1 1 5 10 6 Interest Payment: Year Quarter 1 I II III IV 2 I II III IV 3 I II III IV 4 I II III IV 5 I IIIII IV INTEREST PAYMENTS (VND) Beginning Balance Principal Payment Interest Payment Total Payment Total Payment/Year Ending Balance 80,000,000 4,000,000 2,400,000 6,400,000 24,880,000 76,000,000 76,000,000 4,000,000 2,280,00 0 6,280,000 72,000,000 72,000,000 4,000,000 2,160,000 6,160,000 68,000,000 68,000,000 4,000,000 2,040,000 6,040,000 64,000,000 64,000,000 4,000,000 1,920,000 5,920,000 22,960,000 60,000,000 60,000,000 4,000,000 1,800,000 5,800,000 56,000,000 56,000,000 4,000,000 1,680,000 5,680,000 52,000,000 52,000,000 4,000,000 1,560,000 5,560,000 48,000,000 48,000,000 4,000,000 1,440,000 5,440,000 21,040,000 44,000,000 44,000,000 4,000,000 1,320,000 5,320,000 40,000,000 40,000,000 4,000,000 1,200,000 5,200,000 36,000,000 36,000,000 4,000,000 1,080,000 5,080,000 32,000,000 32,000,000 4,000,000 960,000 4,960,000 19,120,000 28,000,000 28,000,000 4,000,000 840,000 4,840,000 24,000,000 24,000,000 4,000,000 720,000 4,720,000 20,000,000 20,000,000 4,000,000 600,000 4,600,000 16,000,000 16,000,000 4,000,000 480,000 4,480,000 17,200,000 12,000,000 12,000,000 4,000,000 360,000 4,360,000 8,000,000 8,000,000 4,000,000 240,000 4,240,000 4,000,000 4,000,000 4,000,000 120,000 4,120,000 Notes: Debt of VND80,000, 000 from bank, maturity of 5 years, interest rate 12% Interest is paid in from the first month, principal payment is incurred once a quarter Wages payment:Job title 1 Director 2 Secretary 3 Accountant 4 Sales Assistant 5 Cooking teacher 6 Securities Total Quantity 1 1 1 6 2 2 WAGE PAYMENTS (VND) Year 1 Year 2 72,000,000 75,600,000 42,000,000 44,100,000 48,000,000 50,400,000 144,000,000 151,200,000 96,000,000 100,800,000 48,000,000 50,400,000 450,000,000 472,500,000 Year 3 79,380,000 46,305,000 52,920,000 158,760,000 105,840,000 52,920,000 496,125,000 Year 4 83,349,000 48,620,250 55,566,000 166,698,000 111,132,000 55,566,000 520,931,250 Year 5 87,516,450 51,051,263 58,344,300 175,032,900 116,688,600 58,344,300 546,977,813 Notes: 1. Wages of Director, Secretary, Accountant, Sales Assistant, Securities are included in Selling and Admin Fixed expense each year 2. Wages of cooking teacher is included as Direct Labor for Learning Services 3. Wages growth rate is 5% each year Variable cost :We have three services in this project, in general, to estimate the variable cost, we estimate the variable cost beyond the number of customers we service. Services Included Shopping DIY Learning Bag Tool packgage 1 Tools package 2 Ingridients Using CP's kitchen Using CP's tools Teacher Services Included Bag Tool package 1 Tool package 2 Ingridients Using CP's kitchen (gas, water, electricity cost,†¦) Using CP's kitchen ‘s tools Teacher Total VARIABLE COST PER CUSTOMER Shopping DIY 500 3,500 Learning 500 3,500 15,000 3,000 10,000 500 3,500 15,000 50,000 3,000 10,000 50,000 132,000 4,000 32,000 Fixed cost per year for Selling and Admin activities:FIXED COST PER YEAR FOR ADMINSTRATIVE & SELLING ACTIVITIES Detail Per month Per year Internet bill 250,000 3,000,000 Electricity bill 1,500,000 18,000,000 Water bill 200,000 2,400,000 Phoning bill 200,000 2,400,000 Advertising exp 6,000,000 Other exp 1,000,000 12,000,000 43,800,000 Expected number of customers: year 1 Shopping DI Y Learning Total EXPECTED NUMBER OF CUSTOMER year 2 year 3 year 4 3500 4550 5460 2920 3796 4555 768 998 1198. 1 7,188 9,344 11,213 year 5 5733 4783 1258 11,774 6020 5022 1321 12,363 We assume that because this is a new services which haven't existed in the market so it will have a numerous of customers The growth rate will be 30%, 10% and 5% for the year of 2, 3, 4 and 5 respectively , after the services enter the market. Total expense:Year 0 Total Variable costs Shopping DIY Learning Total Fixed costs Wages Depreciation House Renting Fixed cost of selling and admin Intersest payment Total cost TOTAL EXPENSE Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 208,816,000 271,460,800 325,752,960 342,040,608 14,000,000 18,200,000 21,840,000 22,932,000 93,440,000 121,472,000 145,766,400 153,054,720 101,376,000 131,788,800 158,146,560 166,053,888 512,380,000 354,000,000 29,700,000 60,000,000 43,800,000 24,880,000 721,196,000 528,160,000 371,700,000 29,700,000 60,000,000 43,800,000 22,960,000 799,620,800 544,825,000 390,285,000 29,700,000 60,000,000 43,800,000 21,040,000 870,577,960 562,419,250 409,799,250 29,700,000 60,000,000 43,800,000 19,120,000 904,459,858 359,142,638 24,078,600 160,707,456 174,356,582 580,989,213 430,289,213 29,700,000 60,000,000 43,800,000 17,200,000 940,131,851 Price of each services:Customer Year 1 Shopping DIY Learning Year 2 Shopping DIY Learning Year 3 Shopping DIY Learning Year 4 Shopping DIY Learning Year 5 Shopping DIY Learning 3,500 2,920 768 4,550 3,796 998 5,460 4,555 1,198 5,733 4,783 1,258 6,020 5,022 1,321 Variable Cost 14,000,000 93,440,000 101,376,000 18,200,000 121,472,000 131,788,800 21,840,000 145,766,400 158,146,560 22,932,000 153,054,720 166,053,888 24,078,600 160,707,456 174,356,582 Fixed cost Toatal cost Cost per customer Average cost in 5 year 512,380,000 51,238,000 65,238,000 18,639 15,138 230,571,000 324,011,000 110,963 92,074 230,571,000 331,947,000 432,223 360,406 528,160,000 52,816,000 71,016,000 15,608 237,672,000 359,144,000 94 ,611 237,672,000 369,460,800 370,053 544,825,000 54,482,500 76,322,500 13,978 245,171,250 390,937,650 85,822 245,171,250 403,317,810 336,637 562,419,250 56,241,925 79,173,925 13,810 253,088,663 406,143,383 84,915 253,088,663 419,142,551 333,186 580,989,213 58,098,921 82,177,521 13,652 261,445,146 422,152,602 84,059 261,445,146 435,801,728 329,932 Shopping DIY Learning Original Cost plus 1% Final Price Note: We calculate the total cost of a service and base on it to estimate the price 15,289 17,000 For the Shopping services, the price is the average profit we gain from each shopping bill 92,995 120,000Assume that the shop don't have inventory because the goods are directly taken from agent 364,010 400,000 Revenue Plan:Year 0 Shopping Customer Profit/bill DIY Customer Price Learning Customer Price Total Growth rate of revenue (%) Year 1 EXPECTED REVENUE Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 59,500,000 77,350,000 92,820,000 97,461,000 102,334,050 3,500 4,550 5,460 5,733 6,020 17,000 17,000 17,00 0 17,000 17,000 350,400,000 455,520,000 546,624,000 573,955,200 602,652,960 2,920 3,796 4,555 4,783 5,022 120,000 120,000 120,000 120,000 120,000 307,200,000 399,360,000 479,232,000 503,193,600 528,353,280 768 998 1,198 1,258 1,321 400,000 400,000 400,000 400,000 400,000 717,100,000 932,230,000 1,118,676,000 1,174,609,800 1,233,340,290 30 20 5 5 Because this is a completely new services, so after the first year, the number of customers increase sharply in the 2nd and 3rd year, but in the 4th and 5th year when Cake paradise (C has the competitor, ( who enter the market to join this segment), the growth rate of CP increase slightly at 5%. Profit & Loss Plan:Year 1 Revenue Variable Cost Contribute Margin Fixed Cost Earning before Tax Tax Earning after tax PROFIT AND LOSS PLAN Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 717,100,000 932,230,000 1,118,676,000 1,174,609,800 1,233,340,290 208,816,000 271,460,800 325,752,960 342,040,608 359,142,638 508,284,000 660,769,200 792,923,040 832,569,192 874,197,652 512,380,000 528,160,000 544,825,000 562,419,250 580,989,213 (4,096,000) 132,609,200 248,098,040 270,149,942 293,208,439 28% 28% 28% 28% 28% (4,096,000) 95,478,624 178,630,589 194,507,958 211,110,076 We can see that in the first year, because this is a new service and it needs time for the customers to know and have the habit to use this service, so the earning after tax for the first year is negative. After the first year,the number of customers who know and use Cake Paradise service increase (beyond word of mouth), the earning after tax for the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th increase sharply. Break even for each year:Year 1 CM CM unit CM Ratio Break even point Break even revenue Safety of margin 508,284,000 70712. 9 0. 7088 7,246 722,878,741 (5,778,741) BREAK EVEN Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 660,769,200 792,923,040 832,569,192 874,197,652 70712. 9 70712. 9 70712. 9 70712. 9 0. 7088 0. 7088 0. 7088 0. 7088 7,469 7,705 7,954 8,216 745,141,567 768,652,973 793,475,388 819,674,364 187,088,433 350, 023,027 381,134,412 413,665,926 Cash flow: We have, cost of capital was calculated by WACC assumption: ( ( ) ) Year 0 Revenue Operating Expense EBITDA D&A EBIT (1- Tax) NOPAT CFOP Capital expense Working capital Add W. C Free Cash flow Payback Period Cost of capital NPV IRR MIRRCASH FLOW Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 717,100,000 932,230,000 1,118,676,000 1,174,609,800 1,233,340,290 691,496,000 769,920,800 840,877,960 874,759,858 910,431,851 25,604,000 162,309,200 277,798,040 299,849,942 322,908,439 29,700,000 29,700,000 29,700,000 29,700,000 29,700,000 (4,096,000) 132,609,200 248,098,040 270,149,942 293,208,439 0. 72 0. 72 0. 72 0. 72 0. 72 (4,096,000) 95,478,624 178,630,589 194,507,958 211,110,076 25,604,000 125,178,624 208,330,589 224,207,958 240,810,076 (148,500,000) (45,000,000) (193,500,000) 2. 5 15. 30% 277,726,609 54% 30. 39% (45,000,000) 25,604,000 (58,500,000) (13,500,000) 111,678,624 (70,200,000) (11,700,000) 196,630,589 (73,710,000) (3,510,000) 220,697,958 (77,395,50 0) (3,685,500) 314,520,076 The Payback Period is:Conclusion: 1. 2. 3. 4. The project completely has the ability of reaching the break-even point from the first year. Payback period is nearly 2. 5 years, a very appropriate period in the whole process of 5 years. NPV is a positive numbers and IRR is at 54%, much more higher than the cost of capital. MIRR is at 30. 39%, a high figure. ? Although the initial investment is quite small, all the figures above have proved that this project is profitable and promises to bring high profit. Reference: Fundamental of corporate financial Book Vatgia. vn Kitchenart. wordpress. com Nguyenkim. vn â€Å"Special thank to Ms. Pham Lien Ha to helps us to do this project†

Percy Julian Biography

WHENEVER PERCY JULIAN TOLD his friends about his life, and how he had overcome all the obstacles from his beginning as the grandson of a slave, born â€Å"at the corner of Jeff Davis Avenue and South Oak Street in Montgomery, Alabama, the Capital in the cradle of the confederacy,†1 to scientist, inventor, business leader, humanist, protagonist of human rights, he liked to illustrate this long arduous climb by Donald Adams' The Seventh Fold:My dear friends, who daily climb uncertain hills in the countries of their minds, hills that have to do with the future of our country and of our children, may I humbly submit to you, the only thing that has enabled me to keep doing the creative work, was the constant determination: Take heart! Go farther on! 2 This imperative, go on! , characterizes not only his life but his research, where each answer created at least two new questions and led to the exponential growth of science as Percy experienced it in his lifetime. With this growth, h e later realized the concomitant responsibility and questions of ethics.Percy Julian was born on April 11, 1899, the oldest of six children of James Sumner Julian, a railway mail clerk, and his wife, Elizabeth Lena Adams. Since 1976 his birthday has been a holiday for the Village of Oak Park, a fashionable suburb of Chicago where the Julian family has resided since 1950, initially under precarious conditions (the Julian home, the first in the neighborhood to be owned by a black family, was the victim of arsonists on Thanksgiving Day, 1950, and the target of a dynamite bomb on June 12, 1951), and where other famous people, such as Ernest Hemingway and Frank Lloyd Wright, had their residences.Because Percy's father was a federal employee, the family held a higher status than most blacks of that day. This advantage, and the fact that his well-read father had a great love for mathematics and philosophy, helped him on the way to a formal education. Clearly, his must have been â€Å"a mi nd forever voyaging through strange seas of thought† (Wordsworth), or â€Å"a restless curiosity about things which he cannot understand† (Pascal), but the cultural and, above all, religious tradition in his family provided not only a epository of substantive values, but also a coding device for new ideas and achievements. That â€Å"the fear of the Lord is the beginning of all practical wisdom† was taught him, and not in Latin, by his revered paternal great-grandfather. My children and my friends all know him as Grandpa Cabe because they've heard me speak about him so many times. My great-grandfather, with the rest of us that day, was singing in the cotton field, where we children, particularly Dr.James Julian, my next brother, and I were sent to my grandfather's farm to work during the summer. We were singing on that day a beautiful spiritual, â€Å"There is a balm in Gilead to make the wounded whole. There is a balm in Gilead to heal the sin-sick soul. † â€Å"Grandpa Cabe,† I asked, â€Å"what's a balm in Gilead? † â€Å"Well, Sonny, you see, Gilead was a famous town in Israel for the manufacture of salves to heal wounds and sores,† he told me. â€Å"And they called these salves balms.Now one day Jeremiah was having a hard time trying to lead his people the right way. Everything was going wrong for Jeremiah, and he cried out in anguish, ‘Is there no balm in Gilead? ‘ You see, what he was saying was, ‘Ain't there no way out? ‘ I want you to know that, Sonny, because I believe there is always a way out. † It was then that I made my vow–that I would forever fight to keep hope alive because there is always a way out . . . . His optimism was one of the most pertinent lessons I learned as a youngster. Next t